Betting against
You don't only bet for things. Betting against an outcome is just as easy, and there are two ways to do it.
Buy the other side
The simple route: back the opposite outcome. If the crowd leans one way and you disagree, take the other side. Get it right and those shares pay $1 each.
No special order, no jargon. You're just backing the side you actually believe.
Sell short
The direct route: sell an outcome you don't even hold, which opens a short. You post a little collateral, and you profit if that outcome loses.
It works out the same as backing the other side, risk $38 to win $62 if it doesn't happen. Use whichever feels natural.
Selling to close vs selling to short
One distinction to keep straight.
Already hold the shares? Selling just closes your position and banks the proceeds.
Don't hold them? Selling opens a short, a fresh bet that the outcome loses. Kohana won't let you oversell by accident, so you only go short on purpose.